8 Signs You Need To Get Out of Corporate America

8 Signs You Need To Get Out of Corporate America There are a great deal of advantages that accompany working in corporate America: the compensation is normally acceptable, there are generally not too bad advantages, and some of the time you get the opportunity to sit in beanbag seats and get your work-out in during your mid-day break. In any case, there are likewise a huge amount of disadvantages. Here are 7 reasons you’re most likely not appropriate to the corporate atmosphere and should think about getting out. You shouldn’t fundamentally quit and run off to join the carnival, be that as it may, you know, begin searching for other opportunities.1. You’re not a characteristic earthy colored noser.Schmoozing is an essential for the corporate world. Your ability and aptitudes and the work you convey regardless of how choice isn't sufficient to excel. You could be by a long shot the most grounded connect in the group and still get left behind for advancement for some person who just realizes how to kiss butt. In the event that you’re not the sort to develop this aptitude, or you locate the entire procedure loathsome, perhaps corporate isn't for you.2. Fakes make you sick.Ever had a discussion with somebody in the business world where you can tell they’re not so much tuning in, not so much there? Giggling at jokes like a zombie melody when the jokes aren’t even entertaining? Coming out with lines that sound right out of a HR promotion? Heaving corporatese left and right with no thought what they’re truly attempting to convey? In the event that you can’t handle a universe of phony grins and negligible trendy expressions any longer, simply recollect: it’s not you, it’s them.3. You long to be in charge.You’re not in the driver’s seat for your profession the partnership is. It will care for itself as a matter of first importance: its own wellbeing, objectives, life span, and net revenue. On the off chance that you need more control o r office in the manner your profession pushes ahead, attempt littler organizations or other vocation avenues.4. Advantages go bye-bye.You used to get incredible advantages and full support agreement in corporate gigs. Be that as it may, these days, more organizations are reducing expenses by giving those expenses to their workers. Keeping their laborers faithful, sound, and glad isn't as a very remarkable need any longer contrasted and overall revenues and pacifying investors. You’re only a machine gear-piece all things considered and absolutely replaceable. In the event that you need to be esteemed for your reliability, possibly begin looking elsewhere.5. You’re not into being cutthroat.People are jumping over the manipulated dead collections of their partners to excel. Furthermore, this sort of conduct will consistently be compensated. On the off chance that you’re a piece unreasonably gracious for this, at that point you should reconsider where you’re working. Particularly considering you’re not really being remunerated for your talents.6. It’s about the money.No one thinks about you by and by in a corporate activity and absolutely not your accomplice, your maturing guardians, or your children. Nobody truly thinks about creation a distinction or sparing the world-in spite of what their plugs persuade. What they care about is benefit. That’s the primary concern. On the off chance that you’re progressively unselfish, or only somewhat less benefit fixated, possibly move along.7. The hours are an excessive amount to handle.It’s one thing placing in absurd hours for a vocation you truly love, one that’s truly accomplishing something for your life and profession objectives, for example doing what you love. It’s something else altogether to slave away evenings, ends of the week, nightfall, when you know you’re not actually esteemed and the work you’re doing isn’t maki ng a big deal about a distinction in the world.8. You’re too creative.Never mind being unreasonably kind for the horrible Game-of-Thronesy work atmospheres, you’re just excessively darned imaginative for the structure and the tedium of gatherings and reminders that involve the corporate 9-to-5. Possibly you get yourself unfit to center with all the insignificant clamor. Possibly you’re not profitable on the ordinary day by day timetable, and work best from, state, early afternoon to six. Perhaps your mind works best in attacks of efficiency, with a lot of time to wander around and do different undertakings in the middle of, to rest your juices. Perhaps you’d be vastly improved off getting paid a higher sum for every hour, and working less hours. Perhaps you simply feel a work area is an enclosure for your mind. Possibly numbers aren’t your jam. Furthermore, perhaps, quite possibly, you’re unimaginably gifted and need a touch of an unconventi onal structure in a spot that qualities your specific arrangement of aptitudes. In any case, you’re prone to be smothered in the corporate world.

Influences of Conformity and Obedience Paper Essay

Impacts of Conformity and Obedience Paper - Essay Example Yet, while similarity and acquiescence might be moderately effectively characterized, their rates in different circumstances are definitely not. Congruity and Obedience Defined Conformity by and large involves bunch individuals altering their perspectives to suit the mentalities and assessments of the lion's share. Here we should likewise remember the idea of consistence for understanding the idea of possible acquiescence, since consistence is just marginally not quite the same as congruity in that in being consistent one must [consciously] adjust their activities to another’s wishes or rules. While the previous has less to do with character than decision, the last expects of its subject a specific character that permits them to yield. Dutifulness, then again, requires the affirmation of power and one’s quiet submission to it. Subsequently an agreeable individual may not really or naturally be slanted to acclimate, in spite of the fact that reviews have demonstrated â⠂¬Å"†¦those that adjust will in general be faithful and compliant† (Constable, Schuler, Klaber and Rakauskas 1999, standard. 1-2). Solomon Asch: Group Pressure and Conformity Social clinician Solomon Asch’s mid (1951) probes bunch weight and congruity, and eventually his decisions give a fascinating and some of the time upsetting clinical perspective on how people constrained by the gathering see themselves in relationship to their condition and others. Quite a bit of what Asch finishes up through the analyses interfaces straightforwardly to mental disarranges predominant in considers led after some time. Treatments recommended for such clutters and supported by given analysts regularly vary, without a doubt because of what has been portrayed above as contrasts in characters that expeditious unreasoning similarity, acquiescence or insubordination, or both. The lead of Asch’s study was genuinely clear. Hurt demonstrated understudies in gatherings of eight to ten- - every one of whom aside from one in each gathering had been trained in advance to pick an inappropriate answer on twelve of the eighteen cards. Each card had a gathering of three bar lines on the right, and one bar line. Understudies were approached to pick one bar from a progression of three on the correct that best coordinated the one bar on the left. Most subjects were advised to intentionally offer an inappropriate response. Asch orchestrated the scrutinizing with the goal that most off-base answers would be given before the guinea pig in the gathering settled on their choice. The outcomes were noteworthy and as indicated by Zimbardo and Gerrig (2010): â€Å"50 and 80 percent†¦conformed with the bogus greater part estimate†¦a third†¦yielded to the majority’s wrong decisions on half or a greater amount of the basic trials† (p. 550). The outcomes provoked Asch, as per age-of-the sage.org (n.d) to close: The propensity to similarity in our genera l public is solid to such an extent that sensibly astute and benevolent youngsters are eager to call white dark. This involves concern. It brings up issues about our methods of instruction and about the qualities that manage our lead (standard 7). What this says about our longing not to appear as something else, however to adjust with our companions is critical. What it might state now and again about the job of compliance in this conduct is, as indicated by Berg and Bass (1961) refering to Champney (1941), appropriate. The centrality of parental mentalities and conduct on the ensuing congruity found in their children†¦suggested that when guardians will in general command their youngsters, controlling the kids' endeavors to unravel some of

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week How Many of the 50 Richest People on the Planet in 2014 Are MBAs

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week How Many of the 50 Richest People on the Planet in 2014 Are MBAs Although quantifying a school’s profile certainly does not tell you everything, it can sometimes be helpful in simplifying the many differences between the various MBA programs. Each week, we bring you a chart to help you decide which of the schools’ strengths speak to you. This week, Forbes released its 2014 ranking of the richest people on the planet, totaling 1,645 billionairesâ€"up 268 over 2013’s tally. The list represents an aggregate net worth of $6.4 trillion, with the United States dominating the rankings. “Thanks to the tech boom, and strong stock market, the U.S. once again leads the world with 492 billionaires, followed by China with 152 and Russia with 111,” explains Forbes. After losing his former first-place spot to Mexico’s Carlos Slim Helu, who has claimed it for the past four consecutive years, Microsoft co-founder and notable Harvard dropout Bill Gates once again tops the Forbes list as the world’s wealthiest person. In addition, women appear more prominently in the 2014 rankings than in past years, with a record 42 new female billionaires and a total of 172 women on this year’s list, up from 138 in 2013. But just how many prominent billionaires hold MBAs? Among the 50 wealthiest individuals in the world, we counted six business school alumni, half of whom graduated from HBS. Two of these six billionaires were also women, perhaps reflecting the broader uptick in female representation in the rankings. Forbes 2014 Ranking Billionaire MBA Alma Mater 16 Michael Bloomberg Harvard Business School 31 Forrest Mars, Jr. NYU Stern 39 Len Blavatnik Harvard Business School 42 Phil Knight Stanford GSB 49 Susanne Klatten IMD Lausanne 50 Abigail Johnson Harvard Business School Share ThisTweet B-School Charts

The Ambiguity Of Flannery O Connor s Short Stories

The ambiguity of Flannery O’Connor’s short stories somewhat adds to the mystery of her characters and sometimes it can take away from them because as readers it is hard to feel any attachment to these rather ominous characters. It gives the chance for the reader to use their imagination but at the same time manages to anger some that prefer the endings to be set in stone. For example in â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† the story is tied up in a neat little bow, but it still manages to leave the reader asking questions. In this essay I will explore the language and symbolism the author used in order to try and clarify the questions left at the end of this story. â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† is a story about a family, the feature character is an old women, the grandmother, just like many of O’Connor’s stories. The family is going on a road trip to Florida and the grandmother attempts to divert the trip to Tennessee instead of the origina l destination. She warns her son Bailey of an escaped convict, The Misfit, telling him, â€Å"The Misfit is aloose from the Federal Pen and headed toward Florida† (1). The road trip gets diverted with the grandmother requesting they go see a house from her memory. Unbeknownst to the other travelers the grandmother had hidden her cat in the backseat of the car. The cat jumps out and causes a car wreck, which leads the family into a run-in with The Misfit and his crew. The grandmother recognizes The Misfit, eventually leading to the murder of herShow MoreRelatedAmbiguity in OConnor1203 Words   |  5 PagesAmbiguity in ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find In most short stories ambiguity is used to some extent. The level of ambiguity in each story varies, however the importance and value of that vagueness does not. Ambiguity often leads to elevating the thought put into reading the text, as well as numerous interpretations. In Flannery O Connor s short story, ‘A Good Man is Hard to Find , the ambiguous theme causes both deeper thought and different opinions about the text. Through the charactersRead MoreThe Grotesque Pursue Of Goodness2189 Words   |  9 Pages290 5 May 2016 The Grotesque Pursue of Goodness in A Good Man is Hard to Find by Flannery O’Connor â€Å"The great advantage of being a Southern writer is that we don’t have to go anywhere to look for manners; bad or good, we’ve got them in abundance. We in the South live in a society that is rich in contradiction, rich in irony, rich in contrast, and particularly rich in its speech† (Flannery O’Connor). Mary Flannery O’Connor was born in 1925 in a Catholic family in the south of the United States,

Career Advice From a Professional Stage Makeup Artist

What does it take to become a makeup artist for the theater? Well, when seeking career advice, it’s best to contact an expert. Judi Lewin has worked as a professional hair and makeup artist for over thirty-five years. We caught up with her during a film shoot to ask her some important questions about her career. Although she has been working in the movie and television industry, we asked her if she would talk about her extensive career as a makeup designer for the legitimate stage. Getting Started While living in her hometown of Toronto, Judi had a natural talent for makeup. Whether she was applying her makeup skills on herself or her friends, she had a knack for making people look their best. It wasn’t long before many of her â€Å"theater friends† requested her help. Soon, she found herself transforming the faces—and hairstyles—of actors. Her first professional experiences took place at local theaters in Toronto, with her earliest productions being community theater musicals, such as A Chorus Line, My Fair Lady, and Annie. Her love for her craft motivated her to take on show after show and, after a couple of years of amateur productions, she began to work on a professional basis. Judi has since worked in such theaters as the Canadian Opera Company, the Santa Barbara Civic Light Opera, and the Pasadena Playhouse. Recently, she worked as the Key Makeup Designer for the new show, Happy Days—A New Musical, which was based upon the classic hit television show. Methods After accepting a job from a director, Judi reads through the script. After reading it through, she reads it a second time and makes notes, listing the characters and paying close attention to the setting. Then, she works with the director to find out â€Å"what specifically the director wants to see.† She does everything she can to learn about the director’s vision in advance before she begins the design process. Judi explained that in smaller, lower-budgeted productions, the director’s input might be all that she requires. However, the bigger the show, the more likely producers, executives, and others will want to express their opinion—and that’s when the business of the makeup artist can really get complicated. Do Your Research Judi recommends that up-and-coming makeup designers constantly gather historical images—this means finding photographs, illustrations, and other images from any era in the past to serve as inspiration or source material. Also, try to find information and visual material from and about as many different countries and cultures as possible. By gathering these images from the internet, old books, and second-hand stores, a makeup artist will increase their knowledge of different looks, eras, and lifestyles, from â€Å"aristocracy to someone who lives in the slums.† Working with Actors It is common for actors to feel insecure—sometimes about their looks, but sometimes about their performance. Occasionally, Judi has worked with a few prima donnas, but she has a weapon against rudeness. â€Å"Kill them with kindness,† she says. â€Å"Be lovely and polite.† She also mentioned that because so much time is spent together, actors often reveal personal details to their makeup artists. Her rule about that is, â€Å"Nothing leaves the makeup room.† Career Advice According to Judi, here are two reliable ways to become a professional makeup artist: Attend a Makeup School (She recommends The Makeup Designory in Burbank, California and New York City).Intern with a professional who works in both theater and television (That way the intern will learn two very different techniques).Familiarize yourself with various makeup brands and cosmetics moguls, such as Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein, and Max Factor. Benefits of the Theater One of the reasons Judi loves working in live theater so much is simply because it’s alive! â€Å"In theater, things need to happen now!† Her stage experience is a sharp contrast to her film work, in which the general rule is to work on the makeup until it is perfect. During a musical, the makeup artist has a limited amount of time to get things right—this makes the experience both challenging and fun. The excitement of live theater invigorates Judi Lewin and her fellow artists.

Bra Boysblood is thicker then water - 777 Words

A documentary demonstrates an interpretation of the truth by attempting to persuade an audience to side with the makers to endorse their interpretations of issues and events. In the instance Bra boys; Blood is thicker then water, directed by Sunny Abberton, the Bra Boys gang is viewed as a imitation of a prodigious brotherhood gang of surfers that are victims from occurrences and backgrounds opposed to a gang that dispute with the law by an act of violence. The Bra Boys have interpreted issues and events by emphasizing the importance of family, belonging, brotherhood and multiculturalism. The use of presenting constructed footage and personal interviews endorses viewers to see the Bra Boys from a positive light, boys who are role models to†¦show more content†¦This action has been preformed to convince the audience that the bra boys accept multiculturalism. The constructed footage helps viewers realize that documentaries are highly constructed texts, however reinforces they are proud to be Ausies by acknowledging their heritage and traditions of immigrants making Australia fare home. This challenges societies view on multiculturalism due to the fact bra boys are an exclusive gang and would not accept everyone into their brotherhood. To conclude, Bra Boys are viewed as an imitation of a prodigious brotherhood gang of surfers that are victims from occurrences and backgrounds rather then a gang that dispute with the law by an act of violence. Bra Boys are presented with a positive light who are role models built on honesty, trust, loyalty and mate ship who emphasize the importance of family and multiculturalism. The documentary is an interpretation of the truth, biased so as to challenge societies dominant ways of thinking; therefore it cannot beShow MoreRelatedA Critique of the Surfer Dude Culture in Endless Summer562 Words   |  2 Pagesmanifestations of surfer dude culture, there is also a very real and dangerous side to it outside of the water. On shores around the world, there exist surfer gangs. These gangs surf and occupy a specific area of the beach where they live. They often engage or threaten violence to gangs from other areas and even tourists when in their territory. There are documentary films such as Bra Boys: Blood is Thicker than Water that account for surf gangs and the magnitude of their turf wars. There is definitely aRead MoreAustralian Films - Screening Responces3687 Words   |  15 Pagesman’s country, where people stereotypically live a Crocodile Dundee life. Whatever multiculturalism is presented in Australian media is overlooked due to strong Australian stereotypes. Though, recent TV shows, such as Summer Heights High and Angry Boys, have, to an extent, exposed Australian societies to ethnicities and culture. Temple of Dreams  (2007) was produced during the times of the Crunalla riots, articulating young Australian Muslims to acknowledge and address the violence and issues evidentRead MoreNewborn Care7523 Words   |  31 Pagesfirst full year of life. You can accept my recommendation with complete confidence. Contents [pic] ⠝â€" Getting Started ⠝â€" Feeding Your Newborn No Cow’s Milk Feeding Times How Much Is Enough? Drinking Water Burping Sharing Feeding Times ⠝â€" Breastfeeding Eat a Balanced Diet Beware of Medications When You Need to Supplement ⠝â€" Infant Formula Wash and Sterilize Use the Proper Nipple Hole Size GetRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesis to chart the course of an organization in order for it to sail cohesively through its environment. Disadvantage: Strategic direction can also serve as a set of blinders to hide potential dangers. Setting out on a predetermined course in unknown waters is the perfect way to sail into an iceberg. While direction is important, sometimes it is better to move slowly, a little bit at a time, looking carefully but not too far ahead, as well as to each side, so that behavior can be shifted at a moment

Starbucks Going Global Fast free essay sample

Seattle sits serene and orderly, as unremarkable as any other in the chain bought 15 years ago by entrepreneur Howard Schultz. A little less than three years ago, however, the quiet store-front made front pages around the world. During the World Trade Organization talks in November, 1999, protesters flooded Seattle’s streets, and among their targets was Starbucks, a symbol, to them, of free-market capitalism run amok, another multinational out to blanket the earth. Amid the crowds of protesters and riot police were black-masked narchists who trashed the store, leaving its windows smashed and its tasteful green-and-white decor smelling of tear gas instead of espresso. Says an angry Schultz: ‘It’s hurtful. I think people are ill-informed. It’s very difficult to protest against a can of Coke, a bottle of Pepsi, or a can of Folgers. Starbucks is both this ubiquitous brand and a place where you can go and break a window. You can’t break a can of Coke. ’ The store was quickly repaired, and the protesters have scattered to other cities. Yet cup by cup, Starbucks really is caffeinating the world, its green-and-white emblem beckoning to consumers on three continents. In 1999, Starbucks Corp. had 281 stores abroad. Today, it has about 1200 – and it’s still in the early stages of a plan to colonise the globe. If the protesters were wrong in their tactics, they weren’t wrong about Starbucks’ ambitions. They were just early. The story of how Schultz Co. transformed a pedestrian commodity into an upscale consumer accessory has a fairy-tale quality. Starbucks has grown from 17 coffee shops in Seattle 15 years ago to 5689 outlets in 28 countries. Sales have climbed an average of 20 per cent annually since the company went public 10 years ago, to $2. 6 illion in 2001, while profits bounded ahead an average of 30 per cent per year, hitting $181. 2 million last year. And the momentum continues. In the first three quarters of this fiscal year, sales climbed 24 per cent, year to year, to $2. 4 billion, while profits, excluding onetime charges and capital gains, rose 25 per cent, to $159. 5 million. Moreover, the Starbucks name and image connect with millions of consumers around the globe. It was one of the fastest-growing brands in a Business Week survey of the top 100 global brands published 5 August. At a time when one corporate star after another has crashed to earth, rought down by revelations of earnings misstatements, executive greed, or worse, Starbucks hasn’t faltered. The company confidently predicts up to 25 per cent annual sales and earnings growth this year. On Wall Street, Starbucks is the last great growth sto ry. Its stock, including four splits, has soared more than 2200 per cent over the past decade, surpassing Wal-Mart, General Electric, PepsiCo, Coca-Cola, Microsoft and IBM in total return. Now section 1 case studies cases 1. 1 Starbucks: Going Global Fast 515 1. 2 Nestle: the Infant Formula Controversy 520 case 1. 1 Starbucks: Going Global Fast 515 This Starbucks store opened in 2000, in the Forbidden City area of Beijing IntMk-CStud-1. qxd 26/05/2005 13:57 Page 515 at $21, it is hovering near its all-time high of $23 in July, before the overall market drop. And after a slowdown last fall and winter, when consumers seemed to draw inward after September 11, Starbucks is rocketing ahead once again. Sales in stores open at least 13 months grew by 6 per cent in the 43 weeks through 28 July, and the company predicts monthly samestore sales gains as high as 7 per cent through the end of this fiscal year. That’s below the 9 per cent growth rate in 2000, but investors seem encouraged. We’re going to see a lot more growth,’ says Jerome A. Castellini, president of Chicago-based CastleArk Management, which controls about 300000 Starbucks shares. ‘The stock is on a run. ’ But how long can that run last? ’ Already, Schultz’s team is hard-pressed to grind out new profits in a home market that i s quickly becoming saturated. Amazingly, with 4247 stores scattered across the United States and Canada, there are still eight states in the United States with no Starbucks stores. Frappuccino-free cities include Butte, Mont. , and Fargo, ND. But big cities, affluent suburbs and shopping malls are full to the brim. In coffee-crazed Seattle, there is a Starbucks outlet for every 9400 people, and the company considers that the upper limit of coffee-shop saturation. In Manhattan’s 24 square miles, Starbucks has 124 cafes, with four more on the way this year. That’s one for every 12000 people – meaning that there could be room for even more stores. Given such concentration, it is likely to take annual same-store sales increases of 10 per cent or more if the company is going to match its historic overall sales growth. That, as they might say at Starbucks, is a tall order to fill. Indeed, the crowding of so many stores so close ogether has become a national joke, eliciting quips such as this headline in The Onion, a satirical publication: ‘A New Starbucks Opens in Restroom of Existing Starbucks. ’ And even the company admits that while its practice of blanketing an area with stores helps achieve market dominance, it can cut sales at existing outlets. ‘We probab ly self-cannibalise our stores at a rate of 30 per cent a year,’ Schultz says. Adds Lehman Brothers, Inc. analyst Mitchell Speiser: ‘Starbucks is at a defining point in its growth. It’s reaching a level that makes it harder and harder to grow, just due to the law of large numbers. ’ To duplicate the staggering returns of its first decade. Starbucks has no choice but to export its concept aggressively. Indeed, some analysts give Starbucks only two years at most before it saturates the US market. The chain now operates 1200 international outlets, from Beijing to Bristol. That leaves plenty of room to grow. Indeed, about 400 of its planned 1200 new stores this year will be built overseas, representing a 35 per cent increase in its foreign base. Starbucks expects to double the number of its stores worldwide, to 10 000 in three years. During the past 12 months, the chain has opened stores in Vienna, Zurich, Madrid, Berlin, and even in far-off Jakarta. Athens comes next. And within the next year, Starbucks plans to move into Mexico and Puerto Rico. But global expansion poses huge risks for Starbucks. For one thing, it makes less money on each overseas store because most of them are operated with local partners. While that makes it easier to start up on foreign turf, it reduces the company’s share of the profits to only 20–50 per cent. Unpredictable market Moreover, Starbucks must cope with some predictable challenges of becoming a mature company in the United States. After riding the wave of successful baby boomers hrough the 90s, the company faces an ominously hostile reception from its future consumers, the twenty- or thirtysomethings of Generation X. Not only are the activists among them turned off by the power and image of the well-known brand, but many others say that Starbucks’ latte-sipping sophisticates and piped-in Kenny G music are a real turn-off. They don’t feel wanted in a place that sells designer coffee at $3 a cup. Even the thirst of loyalists for high-price coffee can’t be taken for granted. Starbucks’ growth over the past decade coincided with a remarkable surge in the economy. Consumer spending has continued strong in the downturn, ut if that changes, those $3 lattes might be an easy place for people on a budget to cut back. Starbucks executives insist that won’t happen, pointing out that even in the weeks following the terrorist attacks, same-store comparisons stayed positive while those of other retailers skidded. Starbucks also faces slumping morale and employee burnout among its store managers and its once-cheery army of baristas. Stock options for part-timers in the restaurant business was a Starbucks innovation that once commanded awe and respect from its employees. But now, though employees are still paid better than comparable orkers elsewhere – about $7 per hour – many regard the job as just another fast-food gig. Dissatisfaction over odd hours and low pay is affecting the quality of the normally sterling service and even the coffee itself, say some customers and employees. Frustrated store managers among the company’s roughly 470 California stores sued Starbucks in 2001 for allegedly refusing to pay legally mandated overtime. Starbucks settled the suite for $18 million this past April, shaving $0. 03 per share off an otherwise strong second quarter. However, the heart of the complaint – feeling over-worked and underappreciated – oesn’t seem to be going away. To be sure, Starbucks has a lot going for it as it confronts the challenge of maintaining its growth. Nearly free of debt, it fuels expansion with internal cash flow. And Starbucks can maintain a tight grip on its image because section 6 case studies section 1 516 IntMk-CStud-1. qxd 26/05/2005 13:57 Page 516 stores are company-owned: there are no franchisees to get sloppy about running things. By relying on mystique and word-of-mouth, whether here or overseas, the company saves a bundle on marketing costs. Starbucks spends just $30 million annually on advertising, or roughly 1 per cent f revenues, usually just for new flavours of coffee drinks in the summer and product launches, such as its new instore web service. Most consumer companies its size shell out upwards of $300 million per year. Moreover, unlike a McDonald’s or a Gap Inc. , two other r etailers that rapidly grew in the United States, Starbucks has no nationwide competitor. Starbucks also has a well-seasoned management team. Schultz, 49, stepped down as chief executive in 2000 to become chairman and chief global strategist. Orin Smith, 60, the company’s number-cruncher, is now CEO and in charge of day-to-day operations. The head of North American operations is Howard Behar, 57, a retailing expert who returned last September, two years after retiring. The management trio is known as H2O, for Howard, Howard, and Orin Schultz remains the heart and soul of the operation. Raised in a Brooklyn public housing project, he found his way to Starbucks, a tiny chain of Seattle coffee shops, as a marketing executive in the early 80s. The name came about when the original owners looked to Seattle history for inspiration and chose the moniker of an old mining camp: Starbo. Further refinement led to Starbucks, after the first mate in the novel Moby Dick, which they felt voked the seafaring romance of the early coffee traders (hence the mermaid logo). Schultz got the idea for the modern Starbucks format while visiting a Milan coffee bar. He bought out his bosses in 1987 and began expanding. Today, Schultz has a net worth of about $700 million, including $400 million of company stock. Starbucks has come light-years f rom those humble beginnings, but Schultz and his team still think there’s room to grow in the United States – even in communities where the chain already has dozens of stores. Clustering stores increases total revenue and market share, Smith argues, ven when individual stores poach on each other’s sales. The strategy works, he says, because of Starbucks’ size. It is large enough to absorb losses at existing stores as new ones open up, and soon overall sales grow beyond what they would have with just one store. Meanwhile, it’s cheaper to deliver to and manage stores located close together. And by clustering, Starbucks can quickly dominate a local market. The company is still capable of designing and opening a store in 16 weeks or less and recouping the initial investment in three years. The stores may be oases of tranquillity, but management’s expansion tactics are something else. Take what critics call its ‘predatory real estate’ strategy – paying more than market-rate rents to keep competitors out of a location. David C. Schomer, owner of Espresso Vivace in Seattle’s hip Capitol Hill neighbourhood, says Starbucks approached his landlord and offered to pay nearly double the rate to put a coffee shop in the same building. The landlord stuck with Schomer, who says: ‘It’s a little disconcerting to know that someone is willing to pay twice the going rate. ’ Another time, Starbucks and Tully’s Coffee Corp. , a Seattle-based coffee chain, were competing for a space in the city. Starbucks got the lease but vacated the remises before the term was up. Still, rather than let Tully’s get the space, Starbucks decided to pay the rent on the empty store so its competitor could not move in. Schultz makes no apologies for the hardball tactics, ‘The real estate business in America is a very, very tough game,â €™ he says. ‘It’s not for the faint of heart. ’ Still, the company’s strategy could backfire. Not only will neighbourhood activists and local businesses increasingly resent the tactics, but customers could also grow annoyed over having fewer choices. Moreover, analysts contend that Starbucks can maintain about 15 per cent squarefootage rowth in the United States – equivalent to 550 new stores – for only about two more years. After that, it will have to depend on overseas growth to maintain annual 20 per cent revenue growth. Beyond coffee Starbucks was hoping to make up much of that growth with more sales of food and other non-coffee items, but has stumbled somewhat. In the late 90s, Schultz thought that offering $8 sandwiches, desserts, and CDs in his stores and selling packaged coffee in supermarkets would significantly boost sales. The speciality business now accounts for about 16 per cent of sales, but growth has een less than expected . A healthy 19 per cent this year, it’s still far below the 38 per cent growth rate of fiscal 2000. That suggests that while coffee can command high prices in a slump, food – at least at Starbucks – cannot. One of Behar’s most important goals is to improve that record. For instance, the company now has a test programme of serving hot breakfasts in 20 Seattle stores and may move to expand supermarket sales of whole beans. What’s more important for the bottom line, though, is that Starbucks has proven to be highly innovative in the way it sells its main course: coffee. In 800 locations it has installed automatic espresso machines to speed up service. And in November, it began offering prepaid Starbucks cards, priced from $5 to $500, which clerks swipe through a reader to deduct a sale. That, says the company, cuts transaction times in half. Starbucks has sold $70 million-worth of the cards. In early August, Starbucks launched Starbucks Express, its boldest experiment yet, which blends java, web technology, and faster service. At about 60 stores in 1. 1 Starbucks: going global fast 517 IntMk-CStud-1. qxd 26/05/2005 13:57 Page 517 the Denver area, customers can pre-order and prepay for everages and pastries via phone or on the Starbucks Express website. They just make the call or click the mouse before arriving at the store, and their beverage will be waiting – with their name printed on the cup. The company will decide in January on a national launch. And Starbucks is bent on even more fundamental store changes. On 21 August, it announced exp ansion of a highspeed wireless Internet service to about 1200 Starbucks locations in North America and Europe. Partners in the project – which Starbucks calls the world’s largest Wi-Fi network – include Mobile International, a wireless ubsidiary of Deutsche Telekom, and Hewlett-Packard. Customers sit in a store and check e-mail, surf the web, or download multimedia presentations without looking for connections or tripping over cords. They start with 24 hours of free wireless broadband before choosing from a variety of monthly subscription plans. Starbucks executives hope such innovations will help surmount their toughest challenge in the home market: attracting the next generation of customers. Younger coffee drinkers already feel uncomfortable in the stores. The company knows that because it once had a group of twentysomethings hypnotised for a market study. When their defences were down, out came the bad news: ‘They either can’t afford to buy coffee at Starbucks, or the only peers they see are those working behind the counter,’ says Mark Barden, who conducted the research for the Hal Riney Partners ad agency (now part of Publicis Worldwide) in San Francisco. One of the recurring themes the hypnosis brought out was a sense that ‘people like me aren’t welcome here except to serve the yuppies,’ he says. Then there are those who just find the whole Starbucks scene a bit pretentious. Katie Kelleher, 22, a Chicago paralegal, is put off by Starbucks’ Italian terminology of grande nd venti for coffee sizes. She goes to Dunkin’ Donuts, saying: ‘Small, medium and large is fine for me. ’ Happy staff As it expands, Starbucks faces another big risk: that of becoming a far less special place for its employees. For a company modelled around enthusiastic service, that could have dire c onsequences for both image and sales. During its growth spurt of the mid- to late 1990s, Starbucks had the lowest employee turnover rate of any restaurant or fast-food company, thanks largely to its then unheard-of policy of giving health insurance and modest stock options to part-timers making barely more than minimum wage. Such perks are no longer enough to keep all the workers happy. Starbucks’ pay doesn’t come close to matching the workload it requires, complain some staff. Says Carrie Shay, a former store manager in West Hollywood, California: ‘If I were making a decent living, I’d still be there. ’ Shay, one of the plaintiffs in the suit against the company, says she earned $32000 a year to run a store with 10 to 15 part-time employees. She hired employees, managed their schedules, and monitored the store’s weekly profitand- loss statement. But she was also expected to put in significant time behind the counter and had to sign an ffidavit pledging to work up to 20 hours of overtime a week without extra pay – a requirement the company has dropped since the settlement. Smith says that Starbucks offers better pay, benefits and training than comparable companies, while it encourages promotion from within. For sure, employee discontent is far from the imag e Starbucks wants to project of relaxed workers cheerfully making cappuccinos. But perhaps it is inevitable. The business model calls for lots of low-wage workers. And the more people who are hired as Starbucks expands, the less they are apt to feel connected to the original mission of high ervice – bantering with customers and treating them like family. Robert J. Thompson, a professor of popular culture at Syracuse University, says of Starbucks: ‘It’s turning out to be one of the great twenty-first-century American success stories – complete with all the ambiguities. ’ Overseas, though, the whole Starbucks package seems new and, to many young people, still very cool. In Vienna, where Starbucks had a gala opening for its first Austrian store last December, Helmut Spudich, a business editor for the paper Der Standard, predicted that Starbucks would attract a younger crowd than the established cafes. The coffeehouses in Vienna are nice, but they are old. Starbucks is considered hip,’ he says. But if Starbucks can count on its youth appeal to win a welcome in new markets, such enthusiasm cannot be relied up on indefinitely. In Japan, the company beat even its own bullish expectations, growing to 368 stores after opening its first in Tokyo in 1996. Affluent young Japanese women like Anna Kato, a 22-year-old Toyota Motor Corp. worker, loved the place. ‘I don’t care if it costs more, as long as it tastes sweet,’ she says, sitting in the world’s busiest Starbucks, in Tokyo’s Shibuya district. Yet samestore sales growth has fallen in the past 10 months in Japan, Starbucks’ top foreign market, as rivals offer similar fare. Add to that the depressed economy, and Starbucks Japan seems to be losing steam. Although it forecasts a 30 per cent gain in net profit, to $8 million, for the year started in April, on record sales of $516 million, same-store sales are down 14 per cent for the year ended in June. Meanwhile in England, Starbucks’ second-biggest overseas market, with 310 stores, imitators are popping up left and right to steal market share. Entering other big markets may be tougher yet. The French seem to be ready for Starbucks’ sweeter taste, says section 6 case studies section 1 518 IntMk-CStud-1. qxd 26/05/2005 13:58 Page 518 Philippe Bloch, cofounder of Columbus Cafe, a Starbuckslike chain. But he wonders if the company can profitably cope with France’s arcane regulations and generous labour benefits. And in Italy, the epicentre of European coffee culture, the notion that the locals will abandon their own 200000 coffee bars en masse for Starbucks strikes many as ludicrous. For one, Italian coffee bars prosper by serving food as well as coffee, an area where Starbucks still struggles. Also, Italian coffee is cheaper than US java and, say Italian purists, much better. Americans pay about $1. 50 for an espresso. In northern Italy, the price is 67 cents; in the south, just 55 cents. Schultz insists that Starbucks will eventually come to Italy. It’ll have a lot to prove when it does. Carlo Petrini, founder of the anti-globalisation movement Slow Food, sniffs that Starbucks’ ‘substances served in Styrofoam’ won’t cut it. The cups are paper, of course. But the scepticism is real. As Starbucks spreads out, Schultz will have to be increasingly sensitive to those cultural challenges. In December, for instance, he flew to Israel to meet with Foreign Secretary Shimon Peres and other Israeli officials to discuss the Middle East crisis. He won’t divulge the nature of his discussions. But subsequently, at a Seattle synagogue, Schultz let the Palestinians have it. With Starbucks outlets already in Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, he created a mild uproar among Palestinian supporters. Schultz quickly backpedalled, saying that his words were taken out of context and asserting that he is ‘pro-peace’ for both sides. There are plenty more minefields ahead. So far, the Seattle coffee company has compiled an envious record of growth. But the giddy buzz of that initial expansion is wearing off. Now, Starbucks is waking up to the grand challenges faced by any corporation bent on becoming a global powerhouse. Profit at Starbucks Coffee Japan fell 70 per cent in the first nine months of the year because of growing competition from rival coffee chains. Sales at stores open more than one year fell 16 per cent. The firm expects a loss for the full year. Questions As a guide use Exhibit 1. 3 and its description in Chapter 1, and do the following. 1 Identify the controllable and uncontrollable lements that Starbucks has encountered in entering global markets. 2 What are the major sources of risk facing the company? Discuss potential solutions. 3 Critique Starbucks’ overall corporate strategy. 4 How might Starbucks improve profitability in Japan?

Ancestry of Oprah Winfrey

Ancestry of Oprah Winfrey Oprah Gail Winfrey was born in 1954 in rural Mississippi, the child of a love affair between Vernon Winfrey and Vernita Lee. Her parents never married, and Oprah spent much of her youth being shuttled between various relatives. From her troubled childhood, Oprah Winfrey has grown into a household name, achieving success as a talk show host, actress, producer, publisher, and activist. Tips for Reading This Family Tree First Generation: 1. Oprah Gail WINFREY was born on 29 Jan 1954 on in the small town of Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi to Vernon WINFREY and Vernita LEE. Shortly after her birth, her mother Vernita moved north to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and young Oprah was left in the care of her maternal grandmother, Hattie Mae Lee. At age six, Oprah left Mississippi to join her mother in Milwaukee. After several troubling, neglected years with her mother and half-siblings, Oprah moved again at the age of 14 to join her father in Nashville, Tennessee. Second Generation (Parents): 2. Vernon WINFREY was born in 1933 in Mississippi. 3. Vernita LEE was born in 1935 in Mississippi. Vernon WINFREY and Vernita LEE were never married and their only child was Oprah Winfrey: 1 i. Oprah Gail WINFREY Third Generation (Grandparents): 4. Elmore E. WINFREY was born 12 March 1901 in Poplar Creek, Montgomery County, Michigan and died on 15 October 1988 in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi 5. Beatrice WOODS was born on 18 February 1902 in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi and died on 1 December 1999 in Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi. Elmore WINFREY and Beatrice WOODS married on 10 June 1925 in Carroll County, Mississippi, and they had the following children: i. Lee W. WINFREYii. Brister WINFREYiii. Marie WINFREY2. iv. Vernon WINFREY 6. Earlist LEE was born about June 1892 in Mississippi and died in 1959 in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi. 7. Hattie Mae PRESLEY was born about April 1900 in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi and died on 27 Feb 1963 in Kosciusko, Attala County, Mississippi. Earlist LEE and Hattie Mae PRESLEY were married about 1918 and had the following children: i. Susie LEE was born about 1920.ii. Hal LEE was born about 1922.iii. Willis S. LEE was born about 1925.iv. Hubert LEE was born about 1928.3. v. Vernita LEE

Behavior Tracking Contracts, Incident Reports, and Worksheets

Behavior Tracking Contracts, Incident Reports, and Worksheets Behavior Tracking Worksheets These help determine what happened just before the inappropriate behavior occurred and should be used consistently if you suspect a behavior disorder or disability. Download/Print  a PDF  Download/Print a Word Document Functional Behavior Assessment Worksheet These  forms will help structure your first meeting with the IEP team to review their observations and shape the Functional Behavior Analysis (FBA.)   It is the first step toward creating a Behavior Improvement Plan, to support the students success.   The FBA needs to be completed before a  behavior contract may be implemented. Download/Print a PDF Download/Print a Word Document Monday to Friday Checklist This sample requires the teacher to sign per day or per half day each time the child exhibits appropriate behavior. There should be a reinforcer or reward in place for a specific number of teacher initials.This sample   behavior contract is suitable for first to eighth grade students and should be filled in with the teacher present. This plan requires the reinforcers and consequences to be listed.   Download/Print a PDFDownload/Print a Word Document Countdown to Positive Behavior This  popular worksheet is placed on the students desk. It focuses on modifying  one behavior at a time. Initially the teacher should stand next to the student and administer it, but after a day or two, the student should be ready to take over.   You may want a peer you trust to monitor the other student.   This works well with young elementary students, but with fourth or fifth grade students, in which case a teacher should be leery of opening a compliant student up to bullying on the playground, etc. This is a great self-monitoring tool to teach a child to raise his/her hand and not call out. Download/Print a PDF Download/Print a  Word Document Countdown to Positive Behavior (Blank) This worksheet is more flexible, since unlike the above printable, this form is blank.   You could use a different Behavior for your countdown on consecutive days, alternate, or take a more flexible approach.   You need to start with a single behavior to start, and add behaviors as you go.   This might be part of a two pronged approach, as you may want to use the countdown for one behavior, while focusing on other behaviors with a behavior contract.   In other words, you are challenging the student to prove that he has mastered the calling out behavior, or the talking during instruction behavior.   Download/Print a PDF Download/Print a Word Document Functional Behavior Assessment Worksheet This particular worksheet is what gets things started! This form would provide the agenda for a first meeting with your IEP team to address behavior issues.    It provides for Antecedent, Behavior and Consequences to be observed and counted.   It creates a structure for your FBA meeting that will help you collect baseline data and share responsibilities for the BIP (Behavior Improvement Plan) and its implementation.   Download/Print a PDF Download/Print a Word Document

Effect of recession on U.K. clothing sector Literature review

Effect of recession on U.K. clothing sector - Literature review Example Not only the UK but also the developed countries throughout the world experienced reduction in the outputs (Bell & Blanchflower, 2010). The research paper aims at providing a thought upon the effects of recession on the UK clothing sector. It further tries to investigate the effect of recession on the buyer behaviour within the UK fashion clothing market. Aims of the Study / Research Objective Initially in this paper it has been intended to prove that the recession had really affected the overall UK economy and hence the affect on GDP will be demonstrated in this paper. The main objective of the study has been to understand the effect of the economic recession on buyer behaviour within the UK fashion clothing market. It has also been intended to analyse the impact of recession on the value clothing sector and upon the consumer spending. It will highlight the UK lingerie market and effect of recession on it. ... rature Review Impact of Recession on UK GDP According to Times Online (2009), the GDP can be defined as a measure of the goods and the services that is produced by the country. It also indicates the health of the nation’s economy. It was noted that between the months of October and December which was the final quarter of the year 2008, there was decline in the GDP by 1.5 percent. This figure was worst since the second quarter of 1980. There was a 0.6% decline between July and September of 2008. It was evident in the final quarter of the year 2008 that there was decline in the output in all sectors of the economy except agriculture by 4.6%. Therefore it is evident that because of the recession the GDP of the country was affected (Times Online, 2009). Geroski & Gregg (1997) had revealed in their study that it is believed by the economist and many people that recession are periods of waste and stagnation. The list of failed firms, derelict industrial sites makes it quite hard to believe that recession is part of natural functioning of the economy (Geroski & Gregg, 1997). Direct and Indirect Impact of Recession on the Textile Industry According to Thoburn (2010), there has been direct as well as indirect impact of the recession on the textile and the garments industries of Asia. The author further opines that the output of the non-garment textiles is also growing at a rapid pace and these uses if combined accounts for greater than ‘half of the world’s textile output’. Prior to the increase in Britain’s textile industrial production, the leading player in this sector has been Asia. The data that has been produced by the Eurostat agency of the European Union, the US Office of Textile and Apparel and Japan Customs Online clearly demonstrate the picture of what the

Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Analytical Frameworks to Global Essay

Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Analytical Frameworks to Global Supply Chains - Essay Example This paper illustrates that in today’s competitive scenario, competitive advantage can be developed and customers can be satisfied through managing transportation, production schedules and plans, information flow and inventory. There are organizations competing on the global platform by collaboratively working with various international suppliers, outsourcing as well as marketing to consumers located across the globe. The global reality puts more emphasis on supply chain management to be successful. Global supply chains mainly focus on global business and there are different analytic frameworks that support the process. There is the operational and strategic way of thinking about supply chains so as to identify the appropriate mechanism in a particular context. For an entrepreneur or an organization to be successful, it is essential that innovation is incorporated into supply chains in order to achieve desired outcomes. This study will focus on three major analytical framework s related to global supply chains such as supply chain management, global commodity chains, and global production networks. Their respective internal strengths and weakness justify their suitability in a significant global business framework. When organizations get involved in supply chain they need to make effective decisions regarding ways of handling primary supply chain activities. For instance, Toyota is an ideal example when it comes to describing the concept of supply chain management. This company outsourced certain factors of a supply chain in which they were not proficient. Toyota was able to design a JIT system since it had a strong relationship with its suppliers. Often for an effective supply chain management, it is essential to have all components aligned with common goals and objectives. There are certain major strengths associated with supply chain management such as it enhances the level of profit margins. Due to supply chain management, an organization can coordina te well with its suppliers and end customers to achieve high margins of revenue. A supply chain management even facilitates less of time delays that help in sustaining business operations in a competitive environment. On the other hand, flexibility can be regarded as other strength of supply chain management.

Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory Essay Example for Free

Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory Essay Erick Erickson is a well known theorist. He was a student of Freud and was greatly influenced by his work. Eriksons theory is known as one of the best theories of personality in psychology. While he accepted Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, he felt that it was incomplete. It did not recognize social and cultural influences It did not recognize development changes beyond adolescence It did not put enough emphasis on ego development This theory focused primarily on development of neurotic and maladaptive behavior and did not give enough consideration to healthy development. Erikson believed that personality developed in a series of eight stages. He argues that development occurs across a whole lifespan. He developed his theory based on the basis that cognitive and social development occurs at the same time. Erickson believed that during development people go through a series of psychosocial crises. These crises identify a conflict between two personality conflicts. Erickson developed detailed definitions of these psychosocial stages and the crises associated with each one. Each stage builds on the preceding one and prepares the individual for the next (Martin Fabes 2009). The 1st stage is trust versus mistrust (Main Question: â€Å"Is the world a trustworthy place?). This stage focuses on infants needs being met by parents. Infants depend on their guardians for food and comfort. Their understanding of society comes from their interactions with their guardian. If a child is exposed to consistent positive interactions, and dependable care, the infant will build trust. If the parents fail to provide and meet the basic needs the child will feel a sense of mistrust. Stage 2 is Autonomy vs. Shame Doubt (Toddlers 2 to 3 years). Main Question: Can I do things myself or must I always rely on others? As children gain control over their body and motor skills they begin to claim possessions and develop a sense of independency. However, parents still provide a key role of  security from which the child can venture out to assert their will. When parents’ are patient and encouraging it helps promote autonomy. Otherwise, they are likely to impose the child with a sense of doubt which decreases their willingness to try new tasks. Stage 3 is Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool, 3 to 6 years).Main Question: Am I good or am I bad? At this stage, children want to begin and complete their own actions for a purpose. They are learning how well they can do things. They are also learning that, just because they are able to do things, does not mean it is a good idea to do it. Guilt is a new emotion at this time. Children are beginning to learn that some behaviors may make them feel unhappy about themselves. They are beginning to develop sense of right and wrong. Stage 4 is Industry vs. Inferiority (6-12). Main Question: Can I make it in this world? At this stage children begin to develop a sense of pride in their achievements. This is a crucial time for teachers because they play an increased role in the child’s development. When children are encouraged and reinforced for their initiative, they begin to feel industrious and their confidence is increased. If this initiative is not encouraged or controlled by parents or teacher, then the child will feel inferior and doubt their abilities. Stage 5 is Identity vs. Confusion (early teen). Main Question: Who am I? What can I? During this stage there is a transition from childhood to adulthood, which is very important. This is when the child becomes more independent, and begins to look at the future in terms of career, relationships, families, housing, etc. They explore and begin to form their own identity based on the outcome of their experiences. The sense of who they are can be hindered, which causes confusion about themselves and their place in the world. Stage 6 is Intimacy vs. Isolation. Main Question: Can I love? During this stage it is the period of early adulthood when people are exploring their personal relationships. Erikson believed it was important for people to develop close and committed relationships with others. Those who are successful at this stage will develop secure relationships. Erikson believed that a strong sense of personal identity was important to developing intimate relationships. Stage 7 is Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood). Main question: Can I make my life count? During establish this stage is when adults careers. They settle down within a relationship and begin to develop a family of their own. There is a sense of giving back to  society through raising children, working, and being involved in community activities and organizations. When adults fail to achieve these objectives, they lack self worth and feel unproductive. Stage 8 is Ego Integrity vs. Despair. Main question: Am I happy with the way that I have lived my life? This is the final stage of development in which adults grow older and become seniors. They tend to slow down in general. During this time they think about their accomplishments and are able to develop honesty about our achievements. This is when it is decided how productive one has been and if life goals have been accomplished (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development). Critique: Erickson was one of the first psychologists to become aware of the influence of culture on behavior. His theory focused on three key points: Body Mind Culture Erickson acknowledged cultural differences and contributed significantly to the study of adolescence and how they formed their identities. He felt that we should look at life in its entirety. He believed that development expanded through adulthood and that there were crises that adults encountered. His theory conflicts Freud’s in the fact that his emphasis was on the role of the ego rather than the id. This makes Erickson’s theory more positively oriented than Freud. Erickson’s theory is geared toward a positive outcome. However, many theorists doubted Erickson’s academic integrity. There is also very little research that has been conducted on childhood and adult psychosocial crises. It has been noted that many of Erickson’s theoretical propositions are difficult to test. Some were even impossible (Martin Fabes, 2009). It has also been argued that Erickson’s theory is more applicable to boys rather than girls. â€Å"There is debate as to whether people only search for identity during the adolescent years or if one stage needs to happen before other stages can be completed† (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development). Reflection: Out of all theorists that I have studied, Erickson is by far my favorite. After exploring Erickson’s stages of development, I agree that his theory does describe the changes in one’s life. I do feel that we face a  crises/conflict in each stage. Although I cannot remember my early stages of development, I have experienced them with my children and as a teacher I have witnessed these crises. At this time I have a child in each stage of development. I know my infant depends on me and I feel that if I do not meet his needs he will develop a sense of mistrust. I also have a child that worries about fitting in and constantly worries about relationships with friends. I feel that I am currently in the middle adulthood stage. I have settled down. I have a family, and I have started a career. Erickson stages of development are especially useful for teachers. Teachers as do parents, play a key role in helping or hindering children in their personality development. Erickson viewed development as a reflection of relationships with parents and family within the broader context of society (Brewer, 2006 p.21). Teachers that follow Erickson’s belief will develop programs that allow children the opportunity to build trust and bonds. School age children are dealing with the demands of learning new skills, fitting in with their classmates and accomplishing goals (Morrison, 2007p. 125). I believe that Erickson’s stages of development will be beneficial in assisting teachers with observing and responding to their students needs. Resources: Morrison, G. (2007). Early childhood education today (10th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Merrill/Prentice Hall. Brewer, J. (2006). Introduction to Early Childhood Education: Preschool Through Primary Grades (6th ed.). Boston, New York: Pearson/Allyn Bacon, Martin, C., Fabes, R. (2009). Discovering child development (2nd ed.). Boston, NewYork: Houghton Mifflin Company. http://info.psu.edu.sa/psu/maths/Erikson%27s%20Theory%20of%20Psychosocial%20Development%20%282%29.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development

Code Switching in Language Acquisition Essay -- English Language Essay

Code Switching in Language Acquisition The acquisition of English as a non-native language proves quite problematic for some individuals. Because English was developed using modifications and borrowed words from scores of fundamentally different languages, it would seem to be a language which most peoples of the world could easily acquire. There should always be something about the language and structure that reflects an individual’s native tongue – whether it be phonology, syntax, or semantics. However, the very fact that English incorporates an international lexicon with the respective varied syntactical applications makes English a fairly difficult language to acquire. Research by Cummins (1987) focuses on the length of time needed to acquire English. To achieve the Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) level, a learner must study English from one to two years. However, to acquire the higher Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP), it takes five to seven years. In the acquisition of English, a normal linguistic behavior is the embedding of words or phrases from the native language into spoken English. This is called code switching. â€Å"Baker (1993) lists 10 purposes for code switches: (1) to emphasize a point, (2) because a word is unknown in one of the languages, (3) for ease and efficiency of expression, (4) as a repetition to clarify, (5) to express group identity and status and/or to be accepted by a group, (6) to quote someone, (7) to interject in a conversation, (8) to exclude someone, (9) to cross social or ethnic boundaries, and (10) to ease tension in a conversation† (Diaz-Rico & Weed, 2002). It is my opinion that the frequency of the use of code switching as well as the purposes for... ...er the changing form of the English language over time. As new cultures and languages converged through the millennia to develop into the English with which we are familiar today, how much impact did code switching have on the eventual integration of words from other sources? How much time and how large a population of different languages would be needed to change a lexicon? In how short a time could such a change occur? The opportunity to ponder these questions might not have occurred without the benefit of having taken this course, History of the English Language. Works Cited: Cummins, J. (1979). Linguistic interdependence and the educational development of bilingual children. Review of Educational Research, 49 (2), 222-251. Diaz-Rico, L. T. & Weed, K. Z. (2002). The cross-cultural, language, and academic development handbook. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

Business Management Essay

My career interest is cosmetology. I have always wanted to own my own beauty salon and become a cosmetologist. I am interested in cosmetology because I love to do hair and being an African American, I need to have my hair done to look nice and presentable. As a child, I always wanted to do others and my own hair. My mother had a license in cosmetology for fourteen years and I always wanted to be just like her. My strengths are that I can do wraps, straighten and curl hair, relax and perm hair, shampoo and deep condition hair, weaves, up dos, color, roller wraps, children styles, and lashes. My weaknesses are that I can’t braid or cut hair, I can’t do arch, pluck, or thread eyebrows, I am not that great at make-up and I do not have a cosmetology license. If I can make my weaknesses my strengths then I will be on the perfect path to success in life. Three individuals have inspired me toward the career of a cosmetologist. Those people are my mom, Kelly Lamb, my aunt, Vanessa Quarterman, and my best friend’s stepmother, Trina Bishop. Both my mother and my aunt had cosmetology licenses in the past and Trina still has one. They have all done my hair and showed my some of the things I know today. They have all encouraged me to fulfill my dreams of being a cosmetologist. I know that they will be behind me one hundred percent while I make my way to the top. Experiences that have made me want to become a cosmetologist were watching movies about hair shows, watching others do hair, and actually knowing that doing my own hair is cheaper than going to the salon for someone else to do it. Watching others do hair was like watching cartoons for me when I was younger. It was very entertaining and I wanted to do the things I watched them do. I also knew that I could get paid for doing hair and if I was good at it, customers would recommend me to other people I would have more customers. I may not get paid as much as a lawyer but I would get paid a lot because a lot of people go to beauty salons. According to Trina Bishop in an interview I gave her on November 22, 2012, the skills behind being a cosmetologist are licensed cut, trim, bleach, color, style, dress, curl, braid, straighten, relax, spray and mode, hair, make-up and different forms of arching eyebrows. The basics to cosmetology are hair, skin and nails but not everyone want to do nail. Some just want to hair and make-up. Aysha Schurman stated in her article â€Å"A Brief History of Cosmetology†, from the moment people realized they wanted to look good, other people helped them improve their appearance. She also stated that ancient cultures didn’t use formal cosmetic classes to create these workers, but they relied on the long practice of apprenticeship or slavery (Schurman). During This career you have to provide cosmetic care and be able to do pretty much anything your customer request as long as it’s in the field you have your license in.

Policy Containment in the Northwest Ordinance and Missouri...

The Founding Fathers established the policy of containment, which was applied through the early Monroe administration. The purpose of containment was to stop the spread of slavery beyond where it already existed under state law. Containment was accomplished through several stages beginning with the establishment of the Northwest Ordinance and the Missouri Compromise, which led the South to â€Å"turn the tables on the North† and gain control the Legislative and Judicial branches of the government. Thomas Jefferson, a Republican, proposed The Northwest Ordinance concerning the colonization of the territory obtained from England after the Revolutionary War. The Northwest Ordinance outlawed slavery in the Northwest Territories of the Ohio†¦show more content†¦This nullified the Missouri Compromise, which pleased the South since there was a possibility that slavery could expand. This intensified conflict between the North and the South and angered Democrats, Whigs, an d Free-Soilers (Davidson pp 393). (http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112391/kansas-nebraska_act.htm) With the election of anti-slavery President Abraham Lincoln, the South became paranoid that the North planned to change their way of life, which led many of the Southern states to secede from the Union. (http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/statesrights.html) Lincoln wouldn’t tolerate secession and offered to â€Å"pardon† to the majority of Southerners with their return to the Union and conformity to the Emancipation Proclamation. Southern blacks were given educational and voting rights and opportunities for educational and economical advancement; the Southern elites then enforced the use of â€Å"paramilitary tactics†. Racism was also a factor in the North, which led Northerners to espouse some Southern viewpoint in regards to egalitarianism. This was the end of the Reconstruction Era and allowed the South to â€Å"turn the tablesâ €  on the North. Democrats were able to regain control of the Legislative and Judicial branches of government. (http://history.ncsu.edu/projects/cwnc/exhibits/show/second-redemption/redemption-1877) In conclusion, containment was accomplished through stages that included theShow MoreRelatedModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagesthe Republican policies in causing the great depression? The significance of the republic policies were great, they brought a lot of growth in the 20’s allowing the market to strive over lots of trading and the purchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and was left up to the private sector almost to run the market. Entry of the United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-interventionRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pagessystems, one for new products1 services provided, and one for bringing on board new corporate clients. There were several similarities among the three models. However, personal interests dictated the need for three methodologies, all based upon rigid policies and procedures. After a year of using three models, the company recognized it had a problem deciding how to assign the right project manager to the right project. Project managers had to be familiar with all three methodologies. The alternative,Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesedition include. Gregory Anderson, Weber State University; Dana Bachman, Colorado Christian University; Alan Cannon, University of Texas, Arlington; Susan Cholette, San Francisco State; Michael Ensby, Clarkson University; Charles Franz, University of Missouri, Columbia; Raouf Ghattas, DeVry University ; Robert Groff, Westwood College; Raffael Guidone, New York City College of Technology; George Kenyon, Lamar University; Elias Konwufine, Keiser University; Rafael Landaeta, Old Dominion University; Muhammad